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AIM: To investigate the effect of orthokeratology lens on ocular surface and meibomian gland in children and adolescents of different ages.METHODS: A total of 120 cases(240 eyes)of myopic children and adolescents treated in the optometry clinic of our hospital from December 2020 to February 2021 were retrospectively selected, and they were divided into the orthokeratology group(60 cases, 120 eyes)and the frame glasses group(60 cases, 120 eyes)according to the myopia correction methods. The changes in ocular surface and meibomian gland after wearing glasses were analyzed, and those changes in patients of different ages were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: Corneal curvature decreased, non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUT)shortened and meibomian gland score increased at 3, 6, 9 and 12mo in the orthokeratology group after wearing lens, while lower tear meniscus height increased at 6, 9 and 12mo compared with that before wearing lens. In the frame glasses group, the lower tear meniscus height was higher at 6 and 9mo than that before wearing glasses(both P<0.05). At the same time point, the corneal curvature of the orthokeratology group was significantly lower than that of the frame glasses group at all time points, the NIBUT at 3, 9 and 12mo after wearing the lens was shorter than that of the frame glasses group and the meibomian gland scores were higher at 6, 9 and 12mo than those at the same time point in the glasses group(all P<0.05). After wearing lens for 12mo, the corneal curvature of the orthokeratology group at all ages was significantly lower than that of the frame glasses group, the NIBUT of the orthokeratology group at 8 to 12 years old and 13 to 15 years old was significantly lower than that of the frame glasses group, and the meibomian gland score was significantly higher than that of the frame glasses group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology lens may affect the ocular surface and meibomian glands function, and the effects on ocular surface are more pronounced in children and adolescents under 12 years old. Therefore, younger children and adolescents could be prioritized for myopia correction with framed glasses, and then wearing orthokeratology lens when they get older.
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To explore serum levels of miR‐21 and miR‐155 in patients with T2DM complicated CHD and their relationship with lipid metabolism .Methods : A total of 134 T2DM patients treated in our hospital from 2016 to 2017 , were divided into T2DM + CHD group (n＝60) and pure T2DM group (n＝74).Blood glucose and blood lipid levels and serum miR‐21 and miR‐155 levels were measured and were compared between two groups .Results :There were no significant difference in general data , blood pressure , body mass index (BMI) , glycosylated hemo‐globin A1c (HbA1c) , plasma glucose and total cholesterol (TC) between two groups , P＞0. 05 all.Compared with pure T2DM group , there were significant rise in levels of triglyceride (TG) [ (1. 89 ± 0.92) mmol／L vs.(2. 75 ± 1.61) mmol／L] , LDL‐C [ (2.83 ± 0.79) mmol／L vs.(3. 52 ± 1.24) mmol／L] and serum miR‐21 [ (0. 93 ± 0. 15) vs.(1. 86 ± 0.24 )] , and significant reductions in levels of HDL‐C [ (1.35 ± 0. 34 ) mmol／L vs.(0. 94 ± 0.31 ) mmol／L] and serum miR‐155 [ (0. 95 ± 0.19) vs.(0. 27 ± 0. 10)] in T2DM + CHD group , P＝0.001 all.Multiva‐riate Logistic regression analysis indicated that TG , LDL‐C and miR‐21 were independent risk factors for T2DM +CHD (OR＝2. 800～4. 986 , P＜0.05 all) , while HDL‐C and miR‐155 were its independent protective factors (OR＝0.314 , 0.327 , P＜ 0.05 both).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that serum miR‐21 level was significant positively correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ( r＝0. 415 , 0.506 , P＜0.05 or ＜0. 01) , and serum miR‐155 level was significant inversely correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ( r＝ －0. 397 ,－0. 526 , P＜0.05 or ＜0. 01 ).Con‐clusion : Serum miR‐21 level was significant positively correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels , but serum miR‐155 level was significant inversely correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ,
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Objective :To explore influence of ticagrelor on myocardial injury ,serum levels of N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) ,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and endothelin (ET) in patients with acute myo-cardial infarction (AMI) after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods : A total of 94 AMI patients undergoing emergency PCI were selected ,and were divided into clopidogrel group (n＝ 45 ) and ticagrelor group (n＝ 49 ) ,two groups received postoperative dual-antiplatelet therapy of aspirin combined clopidogrel or ti-cagrelor respectively .After one-month treatment ,index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR ) ,coronary flow re-serve (CFR ) , serum levels of NT-proBNP , TNF-α , ET , and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within one year were compared between two groups .Results : Compared with clopidogrel group after 12- month treatment ,there were significant reductions in IMR [21-24 ± 4-07 ) vs.(15-33 ± 4-82)] ,serum levels of NT-proBNP [(123-17 ± 16-25) ng／L vs.(63-46 ± 12-13) ng／L] ,TNF-α [(4-04 ± 0-84) mg／L vs.(3-07 ± 0-52) mg／L] ,ET-1 [ (48-71 ± 6-53) ng／L vs.(38-04 ± 5-89) ng／L] ,and significant rise in CFR [ (1-73 ± 0-34) vs. (2-36 ± 0-42)] in ticagrelor group , P＝ 0-001 all .Incidence rate of MACE in ticagrelor group was significantly lower than that of clopidogrel group (6-12% vs .24-44%, P＝ 0-018 ).Conclusion : Compared with clopidogrel group ,ticagrelor group possesses significant therapeutic effect in AMI patients after emergency PCI .And it′s safe .
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Objective: To investigate the key factors in the process of IsatidisRadix (IR)preparation. The content changes of its main chemical ingredients (epigoitrin, uridine, guanosine, adenosine, and indirubin) and the correlation with its pharmacological activity had been studied, which would providetheoretical foundation for further optimization of process. Methods: The process of IR preparation (extracting-concentrating-alcohol sinking-drying-granulation) was simulated. HPLC was employed to determine the contents of the chemical ingredients in each step of IR preparation, and the clearance rate of OH•was used as the model to investigate the antioxidant activity. Cluster analysis, partial least sqμares (PLS), and multiple linear regression (MLR) were used to analyze the correlation between its chromatogram and pharmacological activity. Results: The content changes of chemical ingredients from IR preparation were generally decreased on the whole, and the highest loss rate of chemical ingredients occurred in the concentrating-drying process; Two metrological methods had been used toanalyze the correlationand the chromatogram ofindirubin, guanosine, and adenosine, which was positively related with the clearance rate of OH•.Conclusion: Each step in the process of IR preparation had the significant effect on the content of its chemical ingredients and pharmacological activity. The concentrating and drying process may be the key process which would finally influence the quality of preparation. Indirubin, guanosine, and adenosine may be the effective substances of IR with antioxidant activity.
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The quality control of Chinese materia medica (CMM) has been the focus of the modernization of CMM, while the screening of efficient constituents in CMM provides the prerequisite and foundation for quality control. Numerous methods had been used for studying the efficient constituents in CMM, but still in the exploratory stage. It still needs to be developed in theory and systemic integration. This article reviewed the development of CMM, analyzed the screening ideas, component compatibility, and quality control mode of the existing efficient components in CMM, for seeking the efficient components in CMM from the complex component groups and building the research ideas of compatibility relations. Its main aim was to provide the reference for the construction of the follow-up quality evaluation system to recognize the key efficient components of CMM precisely and quickly, and to meet with the requirements that the quality control standards for CMM would be effectiveness-related, quantitative and accurate, controllable and assessable.
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Process design grants the quality connotation to products. This paper was to investigate the correlation between changes of chemical fingerprints of Andrographis Herba preparation and its pharmacological activity, and set up the bridge between key process and quality attributes. By referring to the preparation process of Andrographis Herba. preparation (extracting-concentrating-drying-granulation), HPLC fingerprints were employed to determine the difference of the effective materials of the intermediate micro components. Cluster analysis results indicated that the extraction link had great influence on quality connotation variation of Andrographis Herba preparation. The pharmacological activity of various intermediates was continuously decreased in the models of DPPH antioxidant activity and LPS-induced anti-inflammatory activity in mice peritoneal macrophages. Traditional high temperature treatment process was detrimental to its clinical effect from the curve equation between the key process parameters and pharmacodynamic activity. Partial least square (PLS) was used to construct spectrum-efficiency model equation, and it was verified that this equation could accurately predict the relationship between fingerprints and pharmacological activity, which would facilitate the subsequent evaluation of quality attributes and provide scientific basis for further quality control of the whole process.
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Microbial contamination, growth and reproduction have a great influence on the quality of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its preparation. TCM may be polluted by microbial in the production process due to ambient air, facilities and appliances and operating personnel, which affects the quality and efficacy of the final product. The GMP certification inspection standard of TCM manufacturing enterprises clearly established: "Sterilization methods of Chinese herbal medicine, intermediate products, finished products should follow the principle whether or not to change its quality", "TCM powder that used as medicine directly should follow the principle whether to do microbiological examinations". So it's particularly important for product quality, corporate energy consumption and its efficiency to choose the scientific and effective sterilization techniques and methods. Ozone is a kind of safe, environmentally friendly, efficient and no residue emerging sterilization technology. It has been widely applied in various fields of medical and health care and production and living. This paper mainly analyzed the ozone sterilization technology of TCM, aiming to explore the principle of ozone sterilization, the advantages, application status and existing problems and so on. The management regulations and implementation rules of ozone sterilization were summarized to make sterilization of Chinese medicine in the production, management, quality control and other aspects standardized, reasonable and scientific, and to provide the theoretical reference of the ozone sterilization technology for TCM and its preparation.
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Humans , Bacteria , Drug Contamination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Ozone , Pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Microbiology , Sterilization , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the related factors of right recurrent nerve nodal involvement in esophageal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>280 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer received esophagectomy and right recurrent nerve node dissection. The clinicopathological data were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate data were analyzed by chi-square test, and multivariate data were analyzed by logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The right recurrent nerve nodal metastasis was found in 76 cases (27.1%, 76/280). In the 979 excised right recurrent nerve nodes, metastases were found in 118 nodes (12.1%). The tumor staging, the total number of involved lymph nodes, vascular invasion, the number of lymph node metastases in the thorax, the number of lymph node metastasis in the abdomen, subcarinal node metastasis, and peri-esophageal lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors of right recurrent nerve node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Right recurrent nerve lymph nodes should be dissected in those patients with high risk factors of lymph node metastasis in thoracic esophageal carcinoma.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophageal Neoplasms , Pathology , General Surgery , Esophagectomy , Logistic Models , Lymph Node Excision , Lymph Nodes , Pathology , General Surgery , Lymphatic Metastasis , Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve , Pathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of cathepsin D in ovary of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Western blot was performed to detect the expression of cathepsin D and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein distribution in ovarian tissue.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Semi-quantity values of cathepsin D expression in PCOS and control group were 2.06 +/- 0.39 and 4.76 +/- 1.43 (P<0.05), respectively. Immunostaining for cathepsin D was obvious in both follicles and stromal cells, and the strongest immunostaining was seen in granulosa cells of follicles. Immunochemical study showed the protein was mainly located on the cytoplasm and cell membrane.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cathepsin D expression is down-regulated in ovaries of PCOS patients, which may provide a clue for the abnormality of follicle development in PCOS.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Blotting, Western , Cathepsin D , Down-Regulation , Immunohistochemistry , Ovary , Pathology , Polycystic Ovary SyndromeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the abdominal cocoon complicated with infertility using laparoscope and its clinical management.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six cases of abdominal cocoon treated in our hospital from January 1998 to December 2002 were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 6 patients all with primary and tubal infertility, 3 received routine closed laparoscope operation, and other 3 failed for laparoscopy and were transferred to laparotomy. During the surgery it was found that the abdomen and pelvis were filled with multiple layer fibrous tissue which enveloped the bowel and reproductive organs, making exploration nearly impossible. It was difficult to ablate the envelope.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abdominal cocoon can be diagnosed in those primary and tubal infertile patients when the charge is hindered in the process of laparoscope. The optimal treatment of the infertility for those patients is in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Fibrosis , Infertility, Female , Intestinal Obstruction , Diagnosis , Intestine, Small , Pathology , Laparoscopy , Peritoneal Diseases , Tissue AdhesionsABSTRACT
Objective To determine the clinical characteristics and management of ovarian tumor in infertility women.Methods During the period from Jan.1 1999 to Dec.31 2004,110 infertility women with ovarian tumor were analysed retrospectively,in terms of clinical and pathological features.According to the histological findings,the tumors were divided into three groups:epithelial tumor,teratoma and others. Results Among 110 cases,49 cases were epithelial tumor,42 cases were teratoma,and 19 cases were others.A total of 97 cases were small ovarian tumor,and the maximal diameter was less than 5 cm.In epithelial tumor group only 29% were diagnosed before operation,significantly lower than the other two groups(P